Northeastern US & Eastern Canada Turbines Market

The Northeastern US and Eastern Canada turbines market is being driven by increasing demand for renewable energy, supported by strong government incentives and favorable policies aimed at accelerating clean energy adoption. These factors are encouraging investment in wind, hydro, gas, and steam turbine projects across the region. However, the market faces challenges such as high initial capital costs and regulatory complexities that can delay project approvals and implementation. Despite these restraints, ongoing economic growth and industrialization in the region present significant opportunities for expanding turbine installations, especially as industries seek reliable and sustainable energy solutions to meet rising power needs. FIGURE 3 NORTHEASTERN US & EASTERN CANADA TURBINES MARKET: MARKET GROWTH FACTOR ANALYSIS (2019-2035) Impact Type Impact Analysis Index Market Factors Base (2024) 2019–2022 2023–2024 2025–2035 Growth Inhibiting Factor MACRO FACTORS Growth Promoting Factor High Initial Capital Costs Growth Steading Factor Increasing Demand for Renewable Energy Note: Government Incentives and ➢ The Impact indicated the measure of Policies influence on market growth Economic Growth and ➢ Each Factor is graded based on historic Industrialization impact and estimated influence on the market. Shift Toward Floating Offshore Wind Turbines MICRO FACTORS Research & Development Supply Chain Disruptions Source: MRFR Analysis Copyright © 2025 Market Research Future 40

4.2.1 INCREASING DEMAND FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY The rising demand for renewable energy is significantly transforming the landscape of the turbine market in the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. This shift is largely driven by ambitious decarbonization targets, reinforced by supportive government policies, corporate sustainability commitments, and substantial private and public sector investments in wind and clean energy infrastructure. As concerns over climate change and environmental sustainability mount, these regions are accelerating their transition away from fossil fuel-based power generation in favor of renewables like wind and solar. In particular, wind energy — both onshore and offshore — is seeing heightened momentum, thanks to the falling costs of turbine technology, improvements in grid integration, and increased public support for clean energy alternatives. This combination of environmental responsibility and economic opportunity is creating fertile ground for turbine developers, suppliers, and project operators in both regions. In the Northeastern U.S., states such as New York, Massachusetts, and New Jersey have positioned themselves as early adopters and leaders in the renewable energy sector. New York’s Climate eadership and Community Protection Act (C CPA), considered one of the most progressive clean energy mandates in the country, commits the state to achieving 70% renewable electricity by 2030 and 100% zero-emission electricity by 2040. This aggressive policy framework has already begun to reshape New York’s power sector. In 2023, the state ranked third nationwide in renewable electricity generation, largely propelled by hydroelectric and rapidly growing wind capacity. A standout example is Equinor's Empire Wind 1 project, a pioneering offshore wind development that plans to install 54 turbines off the southern coast of ong Island. nce operational, it’s e pected to generate enough clean electricity to power approximately 500,000 homes. Similarly, Massachusetts has made substantial progress with its Vineyard Wind project — a landmark offshore wind farm anticipated to produce 800 MW of renewable electricity, sufficient for over 400,000 homes, while also creating hundreds of constructions and operational jobs and revitalizing local port infrastructure. Eastern Canada, meanwhile, is undergoing its own wind energy boom as provinces race to meet federal and provincial clean energy targets. Nova Scotia, for instance, has announced ambitious plans to auction up to 5 GW of offshore wind capacity by 2030, positioning the province as a major player in the North American offshore wind market. Projects such as the 400 MW Nova East Wind, currently underway, are set to contribute significantly to the region’s renewable power portfolio while offering economic benefits through local job creation, supply chain opportunities, and reduced reliance on imported fossil fuels. Quebec, which already has one of the cleanest grids in North America thanks to its vast hydroelectric resources, is aiming to triple its wind generation capacity to over 10,000 MW by 2035. This expansion aligns with the province's strategy to generate more than 60 TWh of renewable energy by the same year, supporting both domestic consumption and clean electricity exports to neighboring provinces and U.S. states. At the same time, rapid technological advances are further propelling the turbine market in both regions. Modern wind turbines, equipped with taller hub heights, longer blades, and smart energy management systems, have dramatically increased generation efficiency and lowered the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for wind projects. New designs are better suited to the diverse wind profiles of coastal and inland areas in the Northeast and Eastern Canada, making previously marginal sites viable for large-scale development. Additionally, innovations in grid integration, such as dynamic voltage regulation and improved storage technologies, are helping to address the intermittent nature of wind power, thereby enhancing grid reliability and overall system resilience. Energy Copyright © 2025 Market Research Future 41 storage projects paired with wind farms — particularly battery energy storage systems (BESS) are also seeing increased deployment, enabling utilities to store excess generation and supply it during peak demand periods. In summary, the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada are witnessing a robust and accelerating expansion of their turbine markets, driven by a potent combination of policy support, technological innovation, corporate decarbonization goals, and growing public demand for cleaner, more sustainable energy options. These developments are not only critical to achieving regional and national climate objectives but also offer significant economic advantages through the creation of skilled jobs, investment in modern infrastructure, and opportunities for local manufacturing and service industries. As both regions continue to prioritize renewable energy development, wind turbines — both onshore and offshore — are poised to play an increasingly central role in reshaping their energy futures. FIGURE 4 NEW YORK NET ELECTRICITY GENERATION BY RNEWABLE SOURCE IN FEBRUARY 2025 (IN THOUSAND MWH) New York Net Electricity Generation by Rnewable Source in February 2025 (in Thousand MWh) 2000 1500 1958 1000 980 500 0 Hydroelectric Nonhydroelectric Renewables 4.2.2 GOVERNMENT INCENTIVES AND POLICIES Government incentives and supportive policies play a crucial role in driving the turbines market in the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada by promoting renewable energy adoption and the modernization of energy infrastructure. Both regions have established ambitious clean energy targets aligned with national and international climate goals, which encourage significant investments in wind, hydro, and gas turbine technologies. In the Northe

4.4.1 ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INDUSTRIALIZATION Economic growth and industrialization are driving transformative opportunities in the turbines market across the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada, positioning these regions as critical players in the global renewable energy transition. Leveraging their rich industrial heritage alongside progressive economic initiatives, both regions are rapidly expanding renewable energy infrastructure, with particular emphasis on wind and hydroelectric power generation. In the Northeastern U.S., this industrial revitalization is vividly illustrated by the Port of Albany in New York, which has been transformed into the nation’s first dedicated manufacturing site for offshore wind turbine towers. This facility is projected to produce up to 150 towers annually, which will be transported down the Hudson iver to Brooklyn’s outh Brooklyn Marine Terminal for assembly and deployment offshore. This development not only exemplifies the seamless integration of traditional manufacturing with cutting-edge renewable energy projects but also generates substantial employment opportunities, stimulates local economies, and strengthens the domestic supply chain for offshore wind, reducing dependency on international imports. Additionally, states like Massachusetts and New Jersey are fostering similar industrial ecosystems to support offshore and onshore wind projects, amplifying regional capacity and economic activity. In Eastern Canada, economic growth is likewise intertwined with ambitious renewable energy projects that leverage the region’s vast natural resources. Nova cotia’s Wreck Cove Hydroelectric ystem, the largest in the province with a capacity of 215.8 MW— provides a stable, renewable electricity backbone, complementing the province’s appro imately 600 MW of wind power capacity. This hybrid approach enhances grid stability and supports the province’s aggressive climate targets. Moreover, the Muskrat alls Generating Station in Newfoundland and Labrador, with a capacity exceeding 824 MW, exemplifies large-scale hydroelectric development driving economic growth and energy security. Completed in 2021, this project supplies clean, renewable energy to thousands of homes and businesses, reduces reliance on fossil fuels, and facilitates the region’s industrialization ambitions by ensuring affordable and sustainable energy access. urther, Eastern Canada’s growing focus on offshore wind leasing, green hydrogen production, and supply chain development is creating new industrial opportunities, fostering workforce training programs, and encouraging investment in infrastructure that supports turbine manufacturing and deployment. Together, these developments demonstrate how economic growth and industrialization in the Northeastern U.S. and Eastern Canada are creating fertile ground for the turbines market’s e pansion beyond mere energy generation. By aligning industrial revitalization efforts with robust renewable energy policies, these regions are fostering innovative ecosystems that promote sustainability, create high-quality jobs, and enhance economic resilience. They are also positioning themselves as clean energy leaders capable of meeting growing domestic energy demand and exporting green technologies and power to broader markets. This strategic convergence of industry and environmental stewardship underscores a commitment not only to economic prosperity but also to global climate goals, marking the Northeastern U.S. and Eastern Canada as vital hubs in the global renewable energy economy. Copyright © 2025 Market Research Future 47

4.3.1 HIGH INITIAL CAPITAL COSTS One of the primary challenges restraining the growth of the turbine market in the Northeastern US and Eastern Canada is the high initial capital cost associated with turbine installation and deployment. Turbine systems, whether wind, gas, or steam-based, require significant upfront investment in terms of equipment procurement, site preparation, and infrastructure development. This substantial financial barrier can deter new entrants and slow down expansion efforts by existing players, especially in regions where project financing and incentives are limited or inconsistent. In the Northeastern US and Eastern Canada, the complexity of regulatory frameworks and environmental permitting processes often adds to the initial costs. Developers must navigate through stringent environmental assessments, land use approvals, and community consultations, which increase the timeline and expenditure before actual construction can begin. These regulatory hurdles, combined with the need for specialized technology and skilled labor, further inflate the upfront capital requirements, making it a less attractive investment compared to regions with more streamlined approval processes. Additionally, the geographic and climatic conditions in these regions can contribute to higher installation and maintenance costs. Harsh winters, rugged terrain, and remote locations demand more robust turbine designs and durable materials, which elevate the capital outlay. Infrastructure for grid connection and transportation of large turbine components may also be less developed, requiring additional investment to ensure operational reliability and efficiency. Due to these factors, many potential investors and developers may perceive the turbine market in the Northeastern US and Eastern Canada as financially risky or less competitive. The high initial capital costs restrict the speed and scale of market growth, prompting stakeholders to seek alternative or complementary energy solutions with lower upfront expenses. Unless supported by favorable policies, subsidies, or innovative financing models, these capital cost challenges are likely to continue acting as a significant restraint on turbine market expansion in the region. Copyright © 2025 Market Research Future 44 4.3.2 REGULATORY CHALLENGES AND BUREAUCRACY Another significant restraint impacting the turbine market in the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada is the complexity of regulatory processes and bureaucratic hurdles involved in developing wind energy projects. Large-scale wind developments, especially offshore installations, require extensive permitting and environmental review procedures at multiple governmental levels — municipal, state/provincial, and federal. These processes are often time-consuming and can delay project timelines for several years, increasing financial risk and undermining investor confidence. In many cases, overlapping jurisdictions and inconsistent regulations between regions complicate project development and add additional administrative burdens for developers. In the Northeastern U.S., offshore wind projects must navigate a maze of permitting requirements from agencies such as the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), the U.S. Coast Guard, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and state-level authorities. Each agency mandates its own set of environmental impact assessments, navigational safety evaluations, and community consultations. While these measures are essential to protect marine ecosystems and coastal communities, the lack of streamlined, standardized procedures often result in delays and increased costs. Eastern Canada faces similar regulatory challenges, especially in offshore wind, where the legal framework for leasing, permitting, and environmental oversight is still evolving. The passage of Bill C-49 in 2023 established a regulatory regime for offshore renewable energy development in Atlantic Canada, the actual implementation and coordination between provincial and federal authorities remain in progress. In Nova Scotia, for example, wind developers must secure permits not only from provincial departments but also navigate federal regulations concerning offshore fisheries, marine navigation, and Indigenous consultation requirements. These overlapping responsibilities often lead to lengthy approval timelines and increased project risk. Moreover, public opposition and legal challenges further complicate the regulatory landscape in both regions. Coastal communities, fishing industry stakeholders, and environmental advocacy groups frequently raise concerns about the visual, ecological, and economic impacts of large wind projects. These concerns can trigger additional reviews, litigation, or project modifications, further delaying project schedules. In New York and New Jersey, several offshore wind projects have faced opposition over potential effects on tourism and marine habitats, requiring developers to invest more resources in community engagement and project revisions. Until permitting frameworks become more predictable, transparent, and efficient, regulatory challenges and bureaucracy will continue to act as a restraint on the growth of the turbine market in the Northeastern U.S. and Eastern Canada. Copyright © 2025 Market Research Future 45 FIGURE 6 CHALLENGE IMPACT ANALYSIS (2024-2035) Restraint 1 High Initial Capital Costs Restraint 5 Restraint 2 Operational and Maintenance Complexity Regulatory Challenges and Bureaucracy Restraint 4 Restraint 3 Supply Chain Disruptions Grid Integration Issues Note: The Impact indicated the measure of influence on market growth. Copyright © 2025 Market Research Future 46

Another significant restraint impacting the turbine market in the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada is the complexity of regulatory processes and bureaucratic hurdles involved in developing wind energy projects. Large-scale wind developments, especially offshore installations, require extensive permitting and environmental review procedures at multiple governmental levels — municipal, state/provincial, and federal. These processes are often time-consuming and can delay project timelines for several years, increasing financial risk and undermining investor confidence. In many cases, overlapping jurisdictions and inconsistent regulations between regions complicate project development and add additional administrative burdens for developers. In the Northeastern U.S., offshore wind projects must navigate a maze of permitting requirements from agencies such as the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), the U.S. Coast Guard, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and state-level authorities. Each agency mandates its own set of environmental impact assessments, navigational safety evaluations, and community consultations. While these measures are essential to protect marine ecosystems and coastal communities, the lack of streamlined, standardized procedures often result in delays and increased costs. Eastern Canada faces similar regulatory challenges, especially in offshore wind, where the legal framework for leasing, permitting, and environmental oversight is still evolving. The passage of Bill C-49 in 2023 established a regulatory regime for offshore renewable energy development in Atlantic Canada, the actual implementation and coordination between provincial and federal authorities remain in progress. In Nova Scotia, for example, wind developers must secure permits not only from provincial departments but also navigate federal regulations concerning offshore fisheries, marine navigation, and Indigenous consultation requirements. These overlapping responsibilities often lead to lengthy approval timelines and increased project risk. Moreover, public opposition and legal challenges further complicate the regulatory landscape in both regions. Coastal communities, fishing industry stakeholders, and environmental advocacy groups frequently raise concerns about the visual, ecological, and economic impacts of large wind projects. These concerns can trigger additional reviews, litigation, or project modifications, further delaying project schedules. In New York and New Jersey, several offshore wind projects have faced opposition over potential effects on tourism and marine habitats, requiring developers to invest more resources in community engagement and project revisions. Until permitting frameworks become more predictable, transparent, and efficient, regulatory challenges and bureaucracy will continue to act as a restraint on the growth of the turbine market in the Northeastern U.S. and Eastern Canada. Copyright © 2025 Market Research Future 45 FIGURE 6 CHALLENGE IMPACT ANALYSIS (2024-2035) Restraint 1 High Initial Capital Costs Restraint 5 Restraint 2 Operational and Maintenance Complexity Regulatory Challenges and Bureaucracy Restraint 4 Restraint 3 Supply Chain Disruptions Grid Integration Issues Note: The Impact indicated the measure of influence on market growth. Copyright © 2025 Market Research Future 46